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Search Engines
Glossary
A search program and data display from Internet sites. The program scans accessible Internet sites, filters extraneous data, and retrieves relevant information (Information Retrieval).
Complex algorithms operate the search engine, and sort according to a variety of criteria.
There are thousands of search engines in the world—some are general and some specialize in various fields and/or countries. The most significant search engines in the world are Google, Yahoo!, and MSN.
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Google was established between 1997-1999 by two philosophy students from Stanford, Sergey Brin and Larry Page. The name Google is based on the mathematical term which symbolizes the number 1 with 100 zeroes to its right.
The company developed the technology of page rank that grants preference to a given Internet page according to the number of links made to it on other sites.
Google’s service is made through its site, www.google.com, and other sites with local geographical endings. The company serves 67 different countries in 87 languages, from Ukrainian to Zulu.
Google is the most popular search engine on the Net today. The search engine has an index of over eight billion Internet pages that can be fully retrieved and internally searched, and is visited by 11.5 million visitors a day who present over 200 million inquiries. Google also offers the following services:
A Google tool-bar, translation services, discussion groups, sitemaps, G-mail, as well as an internal search engine called Google Desktop.
As of 2004, Google receives 80% of all search engine inquiries.
On August 19, 2004, Google went public on Wall street, with an initial market worth of 23.1 billion dollars.
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The Open Directory Project was developed in 1998, and is owned by Time Warner (after it purchased AOL).
This is the web’s largest and most extensive site index, and is owned and operated by a large volunteer community from around the world.
The ODP project is based on a hierarchical structure of data on other sites, and is comprised of an organized list of sites according to main and sub categories.
Initially the project included 100,000 sites in the index with 4,500 editors. One year later, in 1999, it contained over one million sites. The numbers grew steadily, and today there are over 6 million sites on the index according to 590,000 categories, and 63,000editors.
Each editor takes on a topic and filters the sites requesting admission to www.dmoz.com, under the same topic. The OPP is translated and adapted to 70 languages.
The ODP is also a site index for Google and the listings it enters receive a significant ranking from Google.
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The two founders of Yahoo! David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph.D. candidates in Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their guide in a campus trailer in February 1994 as a way to keep track of their personal interests on the Internet.
The company name is an abbreviation for: Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.”
The site, www.yahoo.com, offers paid services such as real-time financial information, paid advertisement, sales of organizational service portals, management of personal sites, sales of text ads on the index, internet phone calls, astrological services, auction site ads, email, and more.
On April 12, 1996, the company went public and sold 2.6 million shares, and is estimated at 50 billion dollars today. The company has 165 million registered users, and around 345 unique visitors.
Starting in 2002, the company began purchasing new and advanced technologies, and companies such as Geocities, Rocket Mail, Inktomi, etc. Additionally, over the course of 2003, the company purchased Overture Services, Alta Vista, and Alltheweb.
On February 18, 2004, Yahoo! Established an internal search engine, and initiated partnerships with international service providers such as the European Kelkoo.
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Microsoft Network provides internet and net-portal services.
MSN was founded by Microsoft on August 24, 1995 as part of Windows ’95. The company is the second larges Internet Service Provider (ISP) in the USA, after Time Warner, with 34 sites and 18 languages. MSN is also the first choice for Internet Explorer Homepages, alongside Yahoo!
MSN provides the following services:
- Hotmail—Net based email, with over 140 million accounts
- Messenger—Instant Messaging, with over 50 million users.
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Overture, or GoTo, its former name, specializes in advertising technologies for Internet searches. It was the pioneer in Pay Per Click advertising on the Net.
Overture provides site searches according to a user’s advertisement on www.overture.com, and after checking the ad and the relevant site.
The site collaborates with various Internet sites, among them MSN and Yahoo!. Overture has over 100,000 customers, and its main income is through paid searches.
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